Bicycles and other wheels, sentence 14

A bike needs a white light at the front and a red light at the back at night; reflectors are made of tiny corner shapes that send light straight back to where it came from, such as a driver's headlights.

Who acts: bike, tiny corner shapes · What happens: need, make, send, come · To what, where: white light, front, reflectors, light

This is a sentence of the lesson «Bicycles and other wheels» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bike, tiny corner shapes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 bike	det
2	bike	bike	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 needs	nsubj
3	needs	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 light	det
5	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 light	amod
6	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 needs	obj
7	at	at	ADP	_	9 front	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 front	det
9	front	front	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 needs	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 light	cc
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 light	det
12	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 light	amod
13	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 light	conj
14	at	at	ADP	_	16 back	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 back	det
16	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 light	nmod
17	at	at	ADP	_	18 night	case
18	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 back	nmod
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	22 made	punct
20	reflectors	reflector	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 made	nsubj:pass
21	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 made	aux:pass
22	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 needs	parataxis
23	of	of	ADP	_	26 shapes	case
24	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 shapes	amod
25	corner	corner	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 shapes	compound
26	shapes	shape	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 made	obl
27	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	28 send	nsubj
28	send	send	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 shapes	acl:relcl
29	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 send	obj
30	straight	straight	ADV	_	31 back	advmod
31	back	back	ADV	_	28 send	advmod
32	to	to	ADP	_	35 came	case
33	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	35 came	advmod
34	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	35 came	nsubj
35	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	31 back	advcl
36	from	from	ADP	_	35 came	obl
37	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 such	punct
38	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 made	conj
39	as	as	ADP	_	43 headlights	case
40	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	41 driver	det
41	driver	driver	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 headlights	nmod:poss
42	's	's	PART	_	41 driver	case
43	headlights	headlight	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 made	obl
44	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 needs	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	need	present	a bike	a white light and a red light at the back at night	the front		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot light=Theme
2	make	present · passive		reflectors		of tiny corner shapes; as a driver's headlights	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
3	send	present	tiny corner shapes	light			vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Theme
4	come	past	bike				vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:025-bicycles-and-other-wheels.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/25-bicycles-and-other-wheels/14/