Bicycles and other wheels, sentence 7

Pedals turn a chain wheel, the chain turns a cog on the back wheel, and you balance by steering and moving forward; it is easier to balance when you go faster.

Who acts: Pedals, chain, you · What happens: turn, balance, steer, move forward, be, go · To what, where: chain wheel, cog, back wheel

This is a sentence of the lesson «Bicycles and other wheels» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pedals, chain, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pedals	pedal	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 turn	nsubj
2	turn	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 turns	conj
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 wheel	det
4	chain	chain	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 wheel	compound
5	wheel	wheel	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 turn	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 turns	punct
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 chain	det
8	chain	chain	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 turns	nsubj
9	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 cog	det
11	cog	cog	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 turns	obj
12	on	on	ADP	_	15 wheel	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 wheel	det
14	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 wheel	compound
15	wheel	wheel	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 cog	nmod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 balance	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 balance	cc
18	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	19 balance	nsubj
19	balance	balance	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 turns	conj
20	by	by	SCONJ	_	21 steering	mark
21	steering	steer	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	19 balance	advcl
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 moving	cc
23	moving	move	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	21 steering	conj
24	forward	forward	ADV	_	23 moving	advmod
25	;	;	PUNCT	_	28 easier	punct
26	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 easier	expl
27	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	28 easier	cop
28	easier	easy	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	9 turns	conj
29	to	to	PART	_	30 balance	mark
30	balance	balance	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	28 easier	csubj
31	when	when	SCONJ	_	33 go	mark
32	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	33 go	nsubj
33	go	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	30 balance	advcl
34	faster	fast	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	33 go	xcomp
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 turn	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	turn	present	Pedals	a chain wheel			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent wheel=Theme
2	turn	present	the chain	a cog	the back wheel		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent cog=Theme
3	balance	present	you				vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	steer	gerund	you not said here				vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
5	move forward	gerund	you not said here			forward property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
6	is	present	the chain not said here			easy property	tree rules
7	balance	to-infinitive					vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
8	go	present	you			fast property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:025-bicycles-and-other-wheels.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/25-bicycles-and-other-wheels/7/