Tunnels and what lies under the street, sentence 3
Big tunnels today are dug by tunnel-boring machines, giant metal worms with a spinning cutting wheel at the front.
Who acts: boring machines · What happens: dig, spin · To what, where: Big tunnels
This is a sentence of the lesson «Tunnels and what lies under the street» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boring machines), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 tunnels | amod |
| 2 | tunnels | tunnel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 dug | nsubj |
| 3 | today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 dug | obl:unmarked |
| 4 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 dug | aux:pass |
| 5 | dug | dig | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 machines | case |
| 7 | tunnel | tunnel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 boring | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 boring | punct |
| 9 | boring | boring | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 machines | amod |
| 10 | machines | machine | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 dug | obl:agent |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 worms | punct |
| 12 | giant | giant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 worms | amod |
| 13 | metal | metal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 worms | compound |
| 14 | worms | worm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 machines | appos |
| 15 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 wheel | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 wheel | det |
| 17 | spinning | spin | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 19 wheel | amod |
| 18 | cutting | cutting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 wheel | compound |
| 19 | wheel | wheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 worms | nmod |
| 20 | at | at | ADP | _ | 22 front | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 front | det |
| 22 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 wheel | nmod |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 dug | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dig | present · passive | boring machines | Big tunnels | today | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | |||
| 2 | spin | gerund | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:029-tunnels-and-under-the-street.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/29-tunnels-and-under-the-street/3/