Wind, sun and other clean energy, sentence 16
In a biogas plant, bacteria break down food waste and manure and make a gas that can be burned for electricity or heat, so a food waste bin can end up making electricity.
Who acts: bacteria, waste bin · What happens: break down, make, burn, end up · To what, where: food waste, biogas plant, gas, electricity
This is a sentence of the lesson «Wind, sun and other clean energy» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bacteria, waste bin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 plant | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 plant | det |
| 3 | biogas | biogas | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 plant | compound |
| 4 | plant | plant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 break | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 break | punct |
| 6 | bacteria | bacteria | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 break | nsubj |
| 7 | break | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | down | down | ADP | _ | 7 break | compound:prt |
| 9 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 waste | compound |
| 10 | waste | waste | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 break | obj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 manure | cc |
| 12 | manure | manure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 waste | conj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 make | cc |
| 14 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 break | conj |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 gas | det |
| 16 | gas | gas | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 make | obj |
| 17 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 burned | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 burned | aux |
| 19 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 20 burned | aux:pass |
| 20 | burned | burn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 gas | acl:relcl |
| 21 | for | for | ADP | _ | 22 electricity | case |
| 22 | electricity | electricity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 burned | obl |
| 23 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 24 heat | cc |
| 24 | heat | heat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 electricity | conj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 end | punct |
| 26 | so | so | ADV | _ | 32 end | advmod |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 bin | det |
| 28 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 waste | compound |
| 29 | waste | waste | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 bin | compound |
| 30 | bin | bin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 end | nsubj |
| 31 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 end | aux |
| 32 | end | end | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 make | advcl |
| 33 | up | up | ADP | _ | 32 end | compound:prt |
| 34 | making | make | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 32 end | xcomp |
| 35 | electricity | electricity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 making | obj |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 break | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | break down | present | bacteria | food waste and manure | a biogas plant | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent waste=Patient | |||
| 2 | make | present | bacteria not said here | a gas | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset gas=Product | ||||
| 3 | burn | can · passive | a gas | for electricity or heat | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 4 | end up | can | a waste bin | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | make | gerund | a waste bin not said here | electricity | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset electricity=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:033-wind-sun-and-other-clean-energy.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/33-wind-sun-and-other-clean-energy/16/