Wind, sun and other clean energy, sentence 5
Light hits thin slices of silicon and knocks tiny electrons loose, and they flow away as electricity, a bit like the little panel on a solar calculator that keeps working as long as there is light.
Who acts: Light, electrons, little panel · What happens: hit, knock, flow away, keep, work, be · To what, where: thin slices, tiny electrons, silicon
This is a sentence of the lesson «Wind, sun and other clean energy» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Light, electrons, little panel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 hits | nsubj |
| 2 | hits | hit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | thin | thin | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 slices | amod |
| 4 | slices | slice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 hits | obj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 silicon | case |
| 6 | silicon | silicon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 slices | nmod |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 knocks | cc |
| 8 | knocks | knock | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 hits | conj |
| 9 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 electrons | amod |
| 10 | electrons | electron | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 knocks | obj |
| 11 | loose | loose | ADV | _ | 8 knocks | advmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 flow | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 flow | cc |
| 14 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 flow | nsubj |
| 15 | flow | flow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 knocks | conj |
| 16 | away | away | ADV | _ | 15 flow | advmod |
| 17 | as | as | ADP | _ | 18 electricity | case |
| 18 | electricity | electricity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 flow | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 bit | punct |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 bit | det |
| 21 | bit | bit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 knocks | obl:unmarked |
| 22 | like | like | ADP | _ | 25 panel | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 panel | det |
| 24 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 panel | amod |
| 25 | panel | panel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 flow | obl |
| 26 | on | on | ADP | _ | 29 calculator | case |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 calculator | det |
| 28 | solar | solar | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 calculator | amod |
| 29 | calculator | calculator | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 panel | nmod |
| 30 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 31 keeps | nsubj |
| 31 | keeps | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 panel | acl:relcl |
| 32 | working | work | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 31 keeps | xcomp |
| 33 | as | as | ADV | _ | 34 long | advmod |
| 34 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 32 working | advmod |
| 35 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 37 is | mark |
| 36 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 37 is | expl |
| 37 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 long | advcl |
| 38 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 is | nsubj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 hits | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hit | present | Light | thin slices of silicon | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme slice=Co-Theme | ||||
| 2 | knock | present | Light not said here | tiny electrons | a bit obl:unmarked; loose property | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent electron=Patient | |||
| 3 | flow away | present | electrons = electron | as electricity; like the little panel on a solar calculator; away property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | keep | present | the little panel on a solar calculator | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | work | gerund | the little panel on a solar calculator not said here | long property | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | be | present | light | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 7 | slice | silicon | nom slice «possession transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:033-wind-sun-and-other-clean-energy.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×5, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/33-wind-sun-and-other-clean-energy/5/