The internet and undersea cables, sentence 7

The internet is a network of networks: data is sent in small packets that hop through routers along many paths and are put back together at the end, and if a packet gets lost it is simply sent again; a single web page can come in hundreds of packets.

Who acts: internet, small packets, single web page · What happens: be, send, hop, put back, lose, come · To what, where: network, data, small packets, routers, end, packet

This is a sentence of the lesson «The internet and undersea cables» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (internet, small packets, single web page), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 internet	det
2	internet	internet	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 network	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 network	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 network	det
5	network	network	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 networks	case
7	networks	network	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 network	nmod
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	11 sent	punct
9	data	data	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 sent	nsubj:pass
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 sent	aux:pass
11	sent	send	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 network	parataxis
12	in	in	ADP	_	14 packets	case
13	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 packets	amod
14	packets	packet	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 sent	obl
15	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	16 hop	nsubj
16	hop	hop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 packets	acl:relcl
17	through	through	ADP	_	18 routers	case
18	routers	router	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 hop	obl
19	along	along	ADP	_	21 paths	case
20	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 paths	amod
21	paths	path	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 hop	obl
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 put	cc
23	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 put	aux:pass
24	put	put	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 hop	conj
25	back	back	ADV	_	24 put	advmod
26	together	together	ADV	_	24 put	advmod
27	at	at	ADP	_	29 end	case
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 end	det
29	end	end	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 put	obl
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	40 sent	punct
31	and	and	CCONJ	_	48 come	cc
32	if	if	SCONJ	_	36 lost	mark
33	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	34 packet	det
34	packet	packet	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 lost	nsubj:pass
35	gets	get	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	36 lost	aux:pass
36	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	40 sent	advcl
37	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	40 sent	nsubj:pass
38	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	40 sent	aux:pass
39	simply	simply	ADV	_	40 sent	advmod
40	sent	send	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 sent	conj
41	again	again	ADV	_	40 sent	advmod
42	;	;	PUNCT	_	5 network	punct
43	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	46 page	det
44	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	46 page	amod
45	web	web	NOUN	Number=Sing	46 page	compound
46	page	page	NOUN	Number=Sing	48 come	nsubj
47	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	48 come	aux
48	come	come	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 network	parataxis
49	in	in	ADP	_	50 hundreds	case
50	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	Number=Plur	48 come	obl
51	of	of	ADP	_	52 packets	case
52	packets	packet	NOUN	Number=Plur	50 hundreds	nmod
53	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 network	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the internet	a network			of networks	tree rules
2	send	present · passive		data	small packets			vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in packet=Destination
3	hop	present	small packets		routers		along many paths	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through router=Trajectory
4	put back	present · passive	small packets not said here			at the end	together property	vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: at end=Destination
5	lose a condition, not said to happen	present · passive		a packet				vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality
6	send	present · passive		internet		again	simply property	vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
7	come	can	a single web page		hundreds of packets			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in hundred=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:037-the-internet-and-undersea-cables.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/37-the-internet-and-undersea-cables/7/