Self-driving cars and machines that run themselves, sentence 11

A self-driving car uses cameras, radar and lidar to scan around it, and a computer decides how to steer, brake and speed up; robotaxis without a driver already carry passengers in some American and Chinese cities.

Who acts: driving car, computer, robotaxis · What happens: drive, use, scan, decide, steer, brake · To what, where: cameras, car, passengers, American cities

This is a sentence of the lesson «Self-driving cars and machines that run themselves» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (driving car, computer, robotaxis), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 car	det
2	self	self	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 driving	compound
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 self	punct
4	driving	drive	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 car	amod
5	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 uses	nsubj
6	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	cameras	camera	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 uses	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 radar	punct
9	radar	radar	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 cameras	conj
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 lidar	cc
11	lidar	lidar	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 radar	conj
12	to	to	PART	_	13 scan	mark
13	scan	scan	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 uses	advcl
14	around	around	ADP	_	15 it	case
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 scan	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 decides	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 decides	cc
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 computer	det
19	computer	computer	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 decides	nsubj
20	decides	decide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 uses	conj
21	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	23 steer	advmod
22	to	to	PART	_	23 steer	mark
23	steer	steer	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	20 decides	xcomp
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 brake	punct
25	brake	brake	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	23 steer	conj
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 speed	cc
27	speed	speed	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	25 brake	conj
28	up	up	ADP	_	27 speed	compound:prt
29	;	;	PUNCT	_	30 robotaxis	punct
30	robotaxis	robotaxis	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 carry	nsubj
31	without	without	ADP	_	33 driver	case
32	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	33 driver	det
33	driver	driver	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 robotaxis	nmod
34	already	already	ADV	_	35 carry	advmod
35	carry	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 uses	parataxis
36	passengers	passenger	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 carry	obj
37	in	in	ADP	_	42 cities	case
38	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	42 cities	det
39	American	American	ADJ	Degree=Pos	42 cities	amod
40	and	and	CCONJ	_	41 Chinese	cc
41	Chinese	Chinese	ADJ	Degree=Pos	39 American	conj
42	cities	city	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 carry	obl
43	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 uses	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	drive	gerund				vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
2	use	present	a driving car	cameras and radar and lidar		vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent camera=Patient
3	scan	to-infinitive	a driving car not said here		car	vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	decide	present	a computer			vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
5	steer not said to happen	to-infinitive	a computer not said here			vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
6	brake	infinitive	a computer not said here			tree rules
7	speed up	infinitive	a computer not said here			vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
8	carry	present	robotaxis without a driver	passengers	some American cities	vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent passenger=Value in city=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:040-self-driving-cars-and-machines-that-run-themselves.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/40-self-driving-cars-and-machines-that-run-themselves/11/