Rivers, canals and boats: locks, weirs, water-mills, barges and how not to tip a rowing boat, sentence 16

Sculling means one person rows with two oars called sculls, as the Rat does; in rowing each person holds one oar with both hands; both face backwards, because pulling the oars towards you is the strongest way to row, while a canoeist with a paddle faces forwards.

Who acts: one person, two oars, Rat, person, both, pulling · What happens: scull, mean, row, call, do, hold · To what, where: sculls, one oar, rowing, oars, strongest way · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Rivers, canals and boats: locks, weirs, water-mills, barges and how not to tip a rowing boat» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one person, two oars, Rat, person), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sculling	scull	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 means	nsubj
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 person	nummod
4	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 rows	nsubj
5	rows	row	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 means	ccomp
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 oars	case
7	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 oars	nummod
8	oars	oar	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 rows	obl
9	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 oars	acl
10	sculls	scull	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 called	xcomp
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 does	punct
12	as	as	SCONJ	_	15 does	mark
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 Rat	det
14	Rat	Rat	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 does	nsubj
15	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 rows	advcl
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	18 rowing	punct
17	in	in	ADP	_	18 rowing	case
18	rowing	rowing	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 holds	obl
19	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	20 person	det
20	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 holds	nsubj
21	holds	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 means	parataxis
22	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	23 oar	nummod
23	oar	oar	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 holds	obj
24	with	with	ADP	_	26 hands	case
25	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	26 hands	det
26	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 holds	obl
27	;	;	PUNCT	_	30 backwards	punct
28	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	29 face	nsubj
29	face	face	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 means	parataxis
30	backwards	backward	ADV	_	29 face	advmod
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 pulling	punct
32	because	because	SCONJ	_	41 way	mark
33	pulling	pull	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	41 way	csubj
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 oars	det
35	oars	oar	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 pulling	obj
36	towards	towards	ADP	_	37 you	case
37	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	33 pulling	obl
38	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	41 way	cop
39	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	41 way	det
40	strongest	strong	ADJ	Degree=Sup	41 way	amod
41	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 face	advcl
42	to	to	PART	_	43 row	mark
43	row	row	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	41 way	acl
44	,	,	PUNCT	_	51 faces	punct
45	while	while	SCONJ	_	51 faces	mark
46	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	47 canoeist	det
47	canoeist	canoeist	NOUN	Number=Sing	51 faces	nsubj
48	with	with	ADP	_	50 paddle	case
49	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	50 paddle	det
50	paddle	paddle	NOUN	Number=Sing	47 canoeist	nmod
51	faces	face	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 means	advcl
52	forwards	forward	ADV	_	51 faces	advmod
53	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 means	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed act=assert

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	scull	gerund					tree rules
2	mean	present					vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	row	present	one person			with two oars	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
4	call	participle	two oars not said here	sculls			vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	do	present	the Rat				vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	hold	present	each person	one oar	rowing	with both hands	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent oar=Theme in rowing=Location
7	face	present	both			backward property	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
8	pull	gerund		the oars		towards you	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent oar=Theme towards you=Destination
9	is a	present	pulling	the strongest way			tree rules
10	row	to-infinitive	both not said here				vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
11	face	present	a canoeist with a paddle			forward property	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:technology:041-rivers-canals-and-boats-locks-weirs-water-mills-barges-and-how-not-to-tip-a-rowing-boat.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/41-rivers-canals-and-boats-locks-weirs-water-mills-barges-and-how-not-to-tip-a-rowing-boat/16/