Friendly name-calling and real insults (meanings only), sentence 0
Kids everywhere call each other names, and the same word can be a joke or a punch: "durnyk", dummy, said laughing between friends is fine; said angrily it hurts, and to an adult it is never okay.
Who acts: Kids, same word, laughing, word · What happens: call, be, say, laugh, hurt, not be · To what, where: other names, joke · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Friendly name-calling and real insults (meanings only)» of the ukrainian street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kids, same word, laughing, word), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kids | kid | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 call | nsubj |
| 2 | everywhere | everywhere | ADV | PronType=Tot | 3 call | advmod |
| 3 | call | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 6 names | det |
| 5 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 names | amod |
| 6 | names | name | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 call | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 joke | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 joke | cc |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 word | det |
| 10 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 word | amod |
| 11 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 joke | nsubj |
| 12 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 joke | aux |
| 13 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 15 joke | cop |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 joke | det |
| 15 | joke | joke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 call | conj |
| 16 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 18 punch | cc |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 punch | det |
| 18 | punch | punch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 joke | conj |
| 19 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 21 durnyk | punct |
| 20 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 21 durnyk | punct |
| 21 | durnyk | durnyk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 punch | appos |
| 22 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 21 durnyk | punct |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 dummy | punct |
| 24 | dummy | dummy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 joke | conj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 said | punct |
| 26 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 names | conj |
| 27 | laughing | laugh | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 31 fine | csubj |
| 28 | between | between | ADP | _ | 29 friends | case |
| 29 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 laughing | obl |
| 30 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 fine | cop |
| 31 | fine | fine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 said | ccomp |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 said | punct |
| 33 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 fine | parataxis |
| 34 | angrily | angrily | ADV | Degree=Pos | 36 hurts | advmod |
| 35 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 hurts | nsubj |
| 36 | hurts | hurt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 said | ccomp |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 okay | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 okay | cc |
| 39 | to | to | ADP | _ | 41 adult | case |
| 40 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 adult | det |
| 41 | adult | adult | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 okay | obl |
| 42 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 okay | nsubj |
| 43 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 45 okay | cop |
| 44 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 45 okay | advmod |
| 45 | okay | okay | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 said | parataxis |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 call | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed form=decl, act=assert, voice=narrator
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | present | Kids | each other names | everywhere property | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent name=Recipient | |||
| 2 | is a | can | the same word | a joke or a punch | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | be | the same word not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | Kids not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | laugh | gerund | between friends | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | is | present | laughing | fine property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | say speech: assert | past | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 8 | hurt | present | word | angrily property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 9 | not is | present | word | to a adult; okay property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:ukrainian-street:026-friendly-name-calling-and-real-insults.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/26-friendly-name-calling-and-real-insults/0/