Friendly name-calling and real insults (meanings only), sentence 2
Some names are gentle (bAlakun, chatterbox), some sting (zhadIba, greedy guts; yabeda, snitch; plaksa, crybaby), and some are real insults: duren (fool), and animal names like kozel (goat, meaning jerk).
Who acts: names, some, jerk · What happens: be, mean · To what, where: real insults
This is a sentence of the lesson «Friendly name-calling and real insults (meanings only)» of the ukrainian street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (names, some, jerk), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 2 names | det |
| 2 | names | name | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 gentle | nsubj |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 gentle | cop |
| 4 | gentle | gentle | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 6 bAlakun | punct |
| 6 | bAlakun | balakun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 gentle | parataxis |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 chatterbox | punct |
| 8 | chatterbox | chatterbox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 bAlakun | appos |
| 9 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 6 bAlakun | punct |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 sting | punct |
| 11 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 12 sting | det |
| 12 | sting | sting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 bAlakun | conj |
| 13 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 14 zhadIba | punct |
| 14 | zhadIba | zhadIba | X | _ | 12 sting | appos |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 guts | punct |
| 16 | greedy | greedy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 guts | amod |
| 17 | guts | gut | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 bAlakun | conj |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 snitch | punct |
| 19 | yabeda | yabeda | NOUN | _ | 21 snitch | appos |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 yabeda | punct |
| 21 | snitch | snitch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 bAlakun | conj |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 plaksa | punct |
| 23 | plaksa | plaksa | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 bAlakun | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 crybaby | punct |
| 25 | crybaby | crybaby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 bAlakun | conj |
| 26 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 6 bAlakun | punct |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 insults | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 insults | cc |
| 29 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 32 insults | nsubj |
| 30 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 insults | cop |
| 31 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 insults | amod |
| 32 | insults | insult | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 gentle | conj |
| 33 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 34 duren | punct |
| 34 | duren | duren | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 insults | appos |
| 35 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 36 fool | punct |
| 36 | fool | fool | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 duren | appos |
| 37 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 36 fool | punct |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 names | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 names | cc |
| 40 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 names | compound |
| 41 | names | name | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 duren | conj |
| 42 | like | like | ADP | _ | 43 kozel | case |
| 43 | kozel | kozel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 names | nmod |
| 44 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 45 goat | punct |
| 45 | goat | goat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 kozel | conj |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 jerk | punct |
| 47 | meaning | mean | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 48 jerk | acl |
| 48 | jerk | jerk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 insults | conj |
| 49 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 32 insults | punct |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 gentle | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | some names | gentle property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | some | real insults and jerk | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | mean | gerund | jerk not said here | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:ukrainian-street:026-friendly-name-calling-and-real-insults.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×4. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/26-friendly-name-calling-and-real-insults/2/