Thinking like an astronomer, sentence 3

The sky is blue by day because the air scatters the blue part of sunlight all over the sky; on the Moon, with no air, the sky is black even at noon and the stars can be seen beside the Sun.

Who acts: sky, air · What happens: be, scatter, see · To what, where: blue part, sky, Moon, stars, Sun.

This is a sentence of the lesson «Thinking like an astronomer» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sky, air), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 sky	det
2	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 blue	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 blue	cop
4	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 day	case
6	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 blue	obl
7	because	because	SCONJ	_	10 scatters	mark
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 air	det
9	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 scatters	nsubj
10	scatters	scatter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 blue	advcl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 part	det
12	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 part	amod
13	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 scatters	obj
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 sunlight	case
15	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 part	nmod
16	all	all	ADV	_	19 sky	advmod
17	over	over	ADP	_	19 sky	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 sky	det
19	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 scatters	obl
20	;	;	PUNCT	_	32 black	punct
21	on	on	ADP	_	23 Moon	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 Moon	det
23	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	32 black	obl
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 air	punct
25	with	with	ADP	_	27 air	case
26	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	27 air	det
27	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 Moon	nmod
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 Moon	punct
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 sky	det
30	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 black	nsubj
31	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 black	cop
32	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 blue	parataxis
33	even	even	ADV	_	35 noon	advmod
34	at	at	ADP	_	35 noon	case
35	noon	noon	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 black	obl
36	and	and	CCONJ	_	41 seen	cc
37	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	38 stars	det
38	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	41 seen	nsubj:pass
39	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	41 seen	aux
40	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	41 seen	aux:pass
41	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	32 black	conj
42	beside	beside	ADP	_	44 Sun.	case
43	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	44 Sun.	det
44	Sun.	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	41 seen	obl

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the sky			day	blue property	tree rules
2	scatter	present	the air	the blue part of sunlight	the sky			vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent part=Theme over sky=Destination
3	is	present	the sky		the Moon with no air	noon	black property	tree rules
4	see	can · passive		the stars	the Sun.			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:010-reasoning-about-space.lesson:3.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/10-reasoning-about-space/3/