How long since? Counting back, sentence 1
The trick is the same as "how long until": start at the earlier time and count up to now, jumping to the o'clock first.
Who acts: trick · What happens: be, start, count up, jump
This is a sentence of the lesson «How long since? Counting back» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trick), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 trick | det |
| 2 | trick | trick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 same | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 same | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 same | det |
| 5 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 9 long | mark |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 long | punct |
| 8 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 9 long | advmod |
| 9 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 5 same | advmod |
| 10 | until | until | ADP | _ | 13 start | case |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 start | punct |
| 12 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 start | punct |
| 13 | start | start | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 same | parataxis |
| 14 | at | at | ADP | _ | 17 time | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 time | det |
| 16 | earlier | early | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 17 time | amod |
| 17 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 start | obl |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 count | cc |
| 19 | count | count | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 start | conj |
| 20 | up | up | ADP | _ | 19 count | compound:prt |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 now | case |
| 22 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 19 count | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 jumping | punct |
| 24 | jumping | jump | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 19 count | advcl |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 o'clock | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 o'clock | det |
| 27 | o'clock | o'clock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 jumping | obl |
| 28 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 24 jumping | advmod |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 same | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the trick | long, same property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | start | infinitive | time | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | count up | infinitive | vn matter-91 «NP V PP.experiencer»: agent=Stimulus to now=Experiencer | ||||||
| 4 | jump | gerund | to the o'clock result; first property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to o'clock=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:108-how-long-since-counting-back.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/108-how-long-since-counting-back/1/