Leap years and 29 February birthdays, sentence 24
Words people use: "leapling" means someone born on 29 February, "craic" means fun (Ireland), "eejit" means a silly person (Ireland) and "highkey" means very openly, the opposite of "lowkey".
Who acts: people, leapling, craic, eejit, highkey · What happens: use, mean, bear · To what, where: Words, someone, fun, silly person, opposite
This is a sentence of the lesson «Leap years and 29 February birthdays» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, leapling, craic, eejit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 use | obj |
| 2 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 use | nsubj |
| 3 | use | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 8 means | punct |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 leapling | punct |
| 6 | leapling | leapling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 means | nsubj |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 leapling | punct |
| 8 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 use | parataxis |
| 9 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 8 means | obj |
| 10 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 someone | acl |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 February | case |
| 12 | 29 | 29 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 13 February | nummod |
| 13 | February | February | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 born | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 means | punct |
| 15 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 craic | punct |
| 16 | craic | craic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 means | nsubj |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 craic | punct |
| 18 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 means | conj |
| 19 | fun | fun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 means | obj |
| 20 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 21 Ireland | punct |
| 21 | Ireland | Ireland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 fun | appos |
| 22 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 21 Ireland | punct |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 means | punct |
| 24 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 25 eejit | punct |
| 25 | eejit | eejit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 means | nsubj |
| 26 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 25 eejit | punct |
| 27 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 use | parataxis |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 person | det |
| 29 | silly | silly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 person | amod |
| 30 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 means | obj |
| 31 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 32 Ireland | punct |
| 32 | Ireland | Ireland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 person | appos |
| 33 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 32 Ireland | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 means | cc |
| 35 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 36 highkey | punct |
| 36 | highkey | highkey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 means | nsubj |
| 37 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 36 highkey | punct |
| 38 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 means | conj |
| 39 | very | very | ADV | _ | 40 openly | advmod |
| 40 | openly | openly | ADV | _ | 38 means | advmod |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 opposite | punct |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 opposite | det |
| 43 | opposite | opposite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 means | obj |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 46 lowkey | case |
| 45 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 46 lowkey | punct |
| 46 | lowkey | lowkey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 opposite | nmod |
| 47 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 46 lowkey | punct |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 use | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | present | people | Words | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient | ||||
| 2 | mean | present | leapling | someone | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Topic | ||||
| 3 | bear | participle | february | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | mean | present | craic | fun | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fun=Topic | ||||
| 5 | mean | present | eejit | a silly person | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Topic | ||||
| 6 | mean | present | highkey | the opposite of lowkey | openly property | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent opposite=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:112-leap-years-and-29-february-birthdays.lesson:24.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/112-leap-years-and-29-february-birthdays/24/