Melting, freezing and boiling, sentence 4

These are changes of state: the substance stays the same, only the way its particles are arranged changes, and the change can be reversed.

Who acts: These, substance, way · What happens: be, stay, arrange, change, reverse · To what, where: changes, same, particles, change

This is a sentence of the lesson «Melting, freezing and boiling» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (These, substance, way), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	These	this	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	3 changes	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 changes	cop
3	changes	change	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 state	case
5	state	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 changes	nmod
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 stays	punct
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 substance	det
8	substance	substance	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 stays	nsubj
9	stays	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 changes	parataxis
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 same	det
11	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 stays	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 way	punct
13	only	only	ADV	_	15 way	advmod
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 way	det
15	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 changes	nsubj
16	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 particles	nmod:poss
17	particles	particle	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 arranged	nsubj
18	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 arranged	aux:pass
19	arranged	arrange	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 way	acl
20	changes	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 stays	conj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 reversed	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 reversed	cc
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 change	det
24	change	change	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 reversed	nsubj:pass
25	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	27 reversed	aux
26	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	27 reversed	aux:pass
27	reversed	reverse	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	20 changes	conj
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 changes	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	These	changes	of state	tree rules
2	stay	present	the substance	the same		vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme same=Location
3	arrange	present · passive		way's particles		vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Product
4	change	present	the way			vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	reverse	can · passive		the change		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:012-melting-freezing-boiling.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/12-melting-freezing-boiling/4/