Pendulums, Greenwich and railway time, atomic clocks and phones, sentence 8
Today a quartz crystal in a watch wiggles 32,768 times a second, and atomic clocks count the "ticks" of caesium atoms so exactly they'd lose less than a second in millions of years.
Who acts: quartz crystal, atomic clocks, ticks · What happens: wiggle, count, lose, tick · To what, where: ticks, millions, caesium atoms
This is a sentence of the lesson «Pendulums, Greenwich and railway time, atomic clocks and phones» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (quartz crystal, atomic clocks, ticks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 wiggles | obl:unmarked |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 crystal | det |
| 3 | quartz | quartz | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 crystal | compound |
| 4 | crystal | crystal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 wiggles | nsubj |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 watch | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 watch | det |
| 7 | watch | watch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 crystal | nmod |
| 8 | wiggles | wiggle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | 32,768 | 32,768 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 10 times | nummod |
| 10 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 wiggles | obl:unmarked |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 second | det |
| 12 | second | second | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 times | nmod:unmarked |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 count | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 count | cc |
| 15 | atomic | atomic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 clocks | amod |
| 16 | clocks | clock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 count | nsubj |
| 17 | count | count | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 wiggles | conj |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 ticks | det |
| 19 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 ticks | punct |
| 20 | ticks | tick | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 count | obj |
| 21 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 ticks | punct |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 atoms | case |
| 23 | caesium | caesium | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 atoms | compound |
| 24 | atoms | atom | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 ticks | nmod |
| 25 | so | so | ADV | _ | 29 lose | advmod |
| 26 | exactly | exactly | ADV | _ | 29 lose | advmod |
| 27 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 lose | nsubj |
| 28 | 'd | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 lose | aux |
| 29 | lose | lose | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 count | parataxis |
| 30 | less | less | ADJ | Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV | 33 second | advmod |
| 31 | than | than | ADP | _ | 33 second | case |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 second | det |
| 33 | second | second | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 lose | obj |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 millions | case |
| 35 | millions | million | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 lose | obl |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 years | case |
| 37 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 millions | nmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 wiggles | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wiggle | present | a quartz crystal in a watch | time; today | vn body_internal_motion-49.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | count | present | atomic clocks | the ticks of caesium atoms | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tick=Theme | ||||
| 3 | lose | would | ticks = tick | millions of years | second | exactly property | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V PP.eventuality S_ING»: agent=Agent in million=Eventuality | ||
| 4 | tick in a quote | caesium atoms | nom tick «event transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:123-pendulums-greenwich-atomic-clocks.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/123-pendulums-greenwich-atomic-clocks/8/