Growing up: ages of people and pets, and the "dog years" myth, sentence 6
Children grow at their own speeds, often about 5 to 6 cm a year before puberty (when a child's body starts changing into a grown-up's), with growth spurts that come especially in the teens; sleep, food and play all help.
Who acts: Children, body, growth spurts, sleep · What happens: grow, start, change, come, help · To what, where: 5 cm, own speeds, grown up, teens
This is a sentence of the lesson «Growing up: ages of people and pets, and the "dog years" myth» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Children, body, growth spurts, sleep), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 grow | nsubj |
| 2 | grow | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | at | at | ADP | _ | 6 speeds | case |
| 4 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 speeds | nmod:poss |
| 5 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 speeds | amod |
| 6 | speeds | speed | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 grow | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 cm | punct |
| 8 | often | often | ADV | _ | 13 cm | advmod |
| 9 | about | about | ADV | _ | 13 cm | advmod |
| 10 | 5 | 5 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 13 cm | nummod |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 6 | case |
| 12 | 6 | 6 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 10 5 | nmod |
| 13 | cm | cm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 grow | obl |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 year | det |
| 15 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 cm | nmod:unmarked |
| 16 | before | before | ADP | _ | 17 puberty | case |
| 17 | puberty | puberty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 year | nmod |
| 18 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 24 starts | punct |
| 19 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 24 starts | advmod |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 child | det |
| 21 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 body | nmod:poss |
| 22 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 21 child | case |
| 23 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 starts | nsubj |
| 24 | starts | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 puberty | advcl:relcl |
| 25 | changing | change | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 starts | xcomp |
| 26 | into | into | ADP | _ | 30 up | case |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 up | det |
| 28 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 up | amod |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 28 grown | punct |
| 30 | up | up | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 changing | obl |
| 31 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 30 up | case |
| 32 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 24 starts | punct |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 spurts | punct |
| 34 | with | with | ADP | _ | 36 spurts | case |
| 35 | growth | growth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 spurts | compound |
| 36 | spurts | spurt | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 grow | obl |
| 37 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 38 come | nsubj |
| 38 | come | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 spurts | acl:relcl |
| 39 | especially | especially | ADV | _ | 38 come | advmod |
| 40 | in | in | ADP | _ | 42 teens | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 teens | det |
| 42 | teens | teen | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 come | obl |
| 43 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 44 sleep | punct |
| 44 | sleep | sleep | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 help | nsubj |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 food | punct |
| 46 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 sleep | conj |
| 47 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 play | cc |
| 48 | play | play | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 sleep | conj |
| 49 | all | all | ADV | PronType=Tot | 50 help | advmod |
| 50 | help | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 grow | conj |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 grow | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | present | Children | 5 cm a year before puberty | Children's own speeds | with growth spurts | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at speed=Location | ||
| 2 | start | present | a child's body | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | change | gerund | a child's body not said here | into a grown up result | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.result»: agent=Patient into up=Result | ||||
| 4 | grow | participle | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | come | present | growth spurts | the teens | especially property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in teen=Location | |||
| 6 | help | present | sleep and food and play | all property | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:128-growing-up-ages-dog-years.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/128-growing-up-ages-dog-years/6/