The water cycle, sentence 2
As the moist air rises it cools, and the vapour condenses on tiny specks of dust, smoke and sea salt into droplets that make clouds.
Who acts: moist air, air, vapour, droplets · What happens: rise, cool, condense, make · To what, where: tiny specks, clouds
This is a sentence of the lesson «The water cycle» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (moist air, air, vapour, droplets), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 5 rises | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 air | det |
| 3 | moist | moist | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 air | amod |
| 4 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 rises | nsubj |
| 5 | rises | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 cools | advcl |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 cools | nsubj |
| 7 | cools | cool | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 condenses | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 condenses | cc |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 vapour | det |
| 11 | vapour | vapour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 condenses | nsubj |
| 12 | condenses | condense | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 cools | conj |
| 13 | on | on | ADP | _ | 15 specks | case |
| 14 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 specks | amod |
| 15 | specks | speck | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 condenses | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 dust | case |
| 17 | dust | dust | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 specks | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 smoke | punct |
| 19 | smoke | smoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 dust | conj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 salt | cc |
| 21 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 salt | compound |
| 22 | salt | salt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 smoke | conj |
| 23 | into | into | ADP | _ | 24 droplets | case |
| 24 | droplets | droplet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 condenses | obl |
| 25 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 make | nsubj |
| 26 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 droplets | acl:relcl |
| 27 | clouds | cloud | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 make | obj |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 cools | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rise | present | the moist air | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | cool | present | air | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 3 | condense | present | the vapour | tiny specks of dust and smoke and sea salt | into droplets | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||
| 4 | make | present | droplets | clouds | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset cloud=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:014-the-water-cycle.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/14-the-water-cycle/2/