The water cycle, sentence 4
The water runs over the land in streams and rivers or soaks into the ground, flows back to the sea; this gathering of water back into rivers, lakes and seas is called collection, and the journey starts again.
Who acts: water, journey · What happens: run, soak, flow back, call, start · To what, where: land, ground, gathering · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The water cycle» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (water, journey), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 water | det |
| 2 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 runs | nsubj |
| 3 | runs | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | over | over | ADP | _ | 6 land | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 land | det |
| 6 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 runs | obl |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 streams | case |
| 8 | streams | stream | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 runs | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 rivers | cc |
| 10 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 streams | conj |
| 11 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 12 soaks | cc |
| 12 | soaks | soak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 runs | conj |
| 13 | into | into | ADP | _ | 15 ground | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 ground | det |
| 15 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 soaks | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 flows | punct |
| 17 | flows | flow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 runs | conj |
| 18 | back | back | ADV | _ | 17 flows | advmod |
| 19 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 sea | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 sea | det |
| 21 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 flows | obl |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 rivers | punct |
| 23 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 24 gathering | det |
| 24 | gathering | gathering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 called | nsubj:pass |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 water | case |
| 26 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 gathering | nmod |
| 27 | back | back | ADV | _ | 29 rivers | advmod |
| 28 | into | into | ADP | _ | 29 rivers | case |
| 29 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 gathering | nmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 lakes | punct |
| 31 | lakes | lake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 rivers | conj |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 seas | cc |
| 33 | seas | sea | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 rivers | conj |
| 34 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 called | aux:pass |
| 35 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 runs | parataxis |
| 36 | collection | collection | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 called | xcomp |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 starts | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 starts | cc |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 journey | det |
| 40 | journey | journey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 starts | nsubj |
| 41 | starts | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 runs | conj |
| 42 | again | again | ADV | _ | 41 starts | advmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 runs | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | run | present | the water | the land | in streams and rivers | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over land=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | soak | present | the water not said here | the ground | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | flow back | present | the water not said here | to the sea | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | call | present · passive | this gathering of water into rivers and lakes and seas | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | |||||
| 5 | start | present | the journey | again | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:014-the-water-cycle.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/14-the-water-cycle/4/