The water cycle, sentence 8
Plants give off water vapour from their leaves; this is called transpiration.
Who acts: Plants · What happens: give off, call · To what, where: water vapour, leaves, this · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The water cycle» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Plants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Plants | plant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 give | nsubj |
| 2 | give | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | off | off | ADP | _ | 2 give | compound:prt |
| 4 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 vapour | compound |
| 5 | vapour | vapour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 give | obj |
| 6 | from | from | ADP | _ | 8 leaves | case |
| 7 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 leaves | nmod:poss |
| 8 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 vapour | nmod |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 called | punct |
| 10 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 12 called | nsubj:pass |
| 11 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 called | aux:pass |
| 12 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 give | parataxis |
| 13 | transpiration | transpiration | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 called | xcomp |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 give | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give off | present | Plants | water vapour | plants's leaves | vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source vapour=Theme | |||
| 2 | call | present · passive | this | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:014-the-water-cycle.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/14-the-water-cycle/8/