"How do you know?", sentence 19
Colds are caused by viruses caught from other people; being chilly with wet hair doesn't create a virus.
Who acts: viruses · What happens: cause, catch, be, not create · To what, where: Colds, viruses, virus
This is a sentence of the lesson «"How do you know?"» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (viruses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Colds | cold | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 caused | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 caused | aux:pass |
| 3 | caused | cause | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | by | by | ADP | _ | 5 viruses | case |
| 5 | viruses | virus | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 caused | obl:agent |
| 6 | caught | catch | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 viruses | acl |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 people | case |
| 8 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 people | amod |
| 9 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 caught | obl |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 chilly | punct |
| 11 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 chilly | cop |
| 12 | chilly | chilly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 caused | conj |
| 13 | with | with | SCONJ | _ | 18 create | mark |
| 14 | wet | wet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 hair | amod |
| 15 | hair | hair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 chilly | obl |
| 16 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 create | aux |
| 17 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 18 create | advmod |
| 18 | create | create | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 chilly | ccomp |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 virus | det |
| 20 | virus | virus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 create | obj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 caused | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cause | present · passive | viruses | Colds | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | catch | participle | viruses not said here | from other people | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from people=Source | ||||
| 3 | is | gerund | viruses not said here | wet hair obl; chilly property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | not create | present · do-support | viruses not said here | a virus | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent virus=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:186-how-do-you-know.lesson:19.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/186-how-do-you-know/19/