One counterexample is enough, sentence 11
Mudskippers are fish that spend lots of time out of the water, on mud.
Who acts: Mudskippers, fish · What happens: be, spend · To what, where: fish, lots, water
This is a sentence of the lesson «One counterexample is enough» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mudskippers, fish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mudskippers | mudskipper | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 fish | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 fish | cop |
| 3 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 spend | nsubj |
| 5 | spend | spend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 fish | acl:relcl |
| 6 | lots | lot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 spend | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 time | case |
| 8 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 lots | nmod |
| 9 | out | out | ADP | _ | 12 water | case |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 water | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 water | det |
| 12 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 spend | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 mud | punct |
| 14 | on | on | ADP | _ | 15 mud | case |
| 15 | mud | mud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 spend | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 fish | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Mudskippers | fish | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | spend | present | fish | lots of time | the water | on mud goal | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent lot=Asset on mud=Goal |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:187-one-counterexample-is-enough.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/187-one-counterexample-is-enough/11/