One counterexample is enough, sentence 12
One person doing a backflip breaks "nobody can"; to prove "nobody can" you would have to check everyone.
Who acts: One person, you · What happens: do, break, prove, have, check · To what, where: backflip, everyone
This is a sentence of the lesson «One counterexample is enough» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (One person, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 person | nummod |
| 2 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 breaks | nsubj |
| 3 | doing | do | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 person | acl |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 backflip | det |
| 5 | backflip | backflip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 doing | obj |
| 6 | breaks | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 breaks | punct |
| 8 | nobody | nobody | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 9 can | nsubj |
| 9 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 breaks | ccomp |
| 10 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 can | punct |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 13 prove | punct |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 prove | mark |
| 13 | prove | prove | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 6 breaks | advcl |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 have | punct |
| 15 | nobody | nobody | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 16 can | nsubj:outer |
| 16 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 have | aux |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 can | punct |
| 18 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 20 have | nsubj |
| 19 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 have | aux |
| 20 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 prove | conj |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 check | mark |
| 22 | check | check | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 have | xcomp |
| 23 | everyone | everyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 22 check | obj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 breaks | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | gerund | One person not said here | a backflip | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent backflip=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | break | present | One person | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 3 | prove | to-infinitive | One person not said here | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | have | would | you | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | check | to-infinitive | you not said here | everyone | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everyone=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:187-one-counterexample-is-enough.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/187-one-counterexample-is-enough/12/