Habitats and adaptations, sentence 2

A camel stores fat (not water) in its hump, can go many days without drinking, has wide feet for soft sand and can close its nostrils against blowing sand; a cactus stores water in its thick stem and has spines instead of leaves to lose less water.

Who acts: camel, cactus · What happens: store, go, drink, have, close, blow · To what, where: fat, hump, wide feet, nostrils, water, thick stem

This is a sentence of the lesson «Habitats and adaptations» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (camel, cactus), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 camel	det
2	camel	camel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stores	nsubj
3	stores	store	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 go	conj
4	fat	fat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stores	obj
5	(	(	PUNCT	_	7 water	punct
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 water	advmod
7	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fat	appos
8	)	)	PUNCT	_	7 water	punct
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 hump	case
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 hump	nmod:poss
11	hump	hump	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stores	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 hump	punct
13	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 go	aux
14	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
15	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 days	amod
16	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 go	obl
17	without	without	SCONJ	_	18 drinking	mark
18	drinking	drink	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 go	advcl
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 has	punct
20	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 go	conj
21	wide	wide	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 feet	amod
22	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 has	obj
23	for	for	ADP	_	25 sand	case
24	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 sand	amod
25	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 feet	nmod
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 close	cc
27	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	28 close	aux
28	close	close	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	14 go	conj
29	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	30 nostrils	nmod:poss
30	nostrils	nostril	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 close	obj
31	against	against	ADP	_	33 sand	case
32	blowing	blow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	33 sand	amod
33	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 close	obl
34	;	;	PUNCT	_	38 water	punct
35	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	36 cactus	det
36	cactus	cactus	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 stores	nsubj
37	stores	store	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 go	conj
38	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 stores	obj
39	in	in	ADP	_	42 stem	case
40	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	42 stem	nmod:poss
41	thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	42 stem	amod
42	stem	stem	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 stores	obl
43	and	and	CCONJ	_	44 has	cc
44	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	37 stores	conj
45	spines	spine	NOUN	Number=Plur	44 has	obj
46	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=ADP	48 leaves	case
47	of	of	ADP	_	46 instead	fixed
48	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	44 has	obl
49	to	to	PART	_	50 lose	mark
50	lose	lose	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	44 has	advcl
51	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	52 water	amod
52	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	50 lose	obj
53	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 go	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	store	present	a camel	fat	camel's hump			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent fat=Theme in hump=Location
2	go	can				day		vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	drink	gerund						vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	have	present		wide feet			for soft sand	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foot=Patient
5	close	can		camel's nostrils			against blowing sand	vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nostril=Patient
6	blow	gerund						vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient
7	store	present	a cactus	water	camel's thick stem			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent water=Theme in stem=Location
8	have	present	a cactus not said here	spines			instead leaves	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spine=Patient
9	lose	to-infinitive	a cactus not said here	less water				vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Eventuality
10	stem		camel					nom stem «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:027-habitats-and-adaptations.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/27-habitats-and-adaptations/2/