Migration and hibernation, sentence 1
Some animals migrate: they make a long journey to a place with more food and better weather, and come back later; swallows fly from Europe to Africa each autumn and return in spring.
Who acts: animals, swallows · What happens: migrate, make, come back, fly, return · To what, where: long journey, Africa, Europe
This is a sentence of the lesson «Migration and hibernation» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (animals, swallows), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 2 animals | det |
| 2 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 migrate | nsubj |
| 3 | migrate | migrate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 6 make | punct |
| 5 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 make | nsubj |
| 6 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 migrate | parataxis |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 journey | det |
| 8 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 journey | amod |
| 9 | journey | journey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 make | obj |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 place | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 place | det |
| 12 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 journey | nmod |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 15 food | case |
| 14 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 15 food | amod |
| 15 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 place | nmod |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 weather | cc |
| 17 | better | good | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 18 weather | amod |
| 18 | weather | weather | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 food | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 come | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 come | cc |
| 21 | come | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 make | conj |
| 22 | back | back | ADV | _ | 21 come | advmod |
| 23 | later | late | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 21 come | advmod |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 fly | punct |
| 25 | swallows | swallow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 fly | nsubj |
| 26 | fly | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 migrate | conj |
| 27 | from | from | ADP | _ | 28 Europe | case |
| 28 | Europe | Europe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 fly | obl |
| 29 | to | to | ADP | _ | 30 Africa | case |
| 30 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 fly | obl |
| 31 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 32 autumn | det |
| 32 | autumn | autumn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 fly | obl:unmarked |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 return | cc |
| 34 | return | return | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 fly | conj |
| 35 | in | in | ADP | _ | 36 spring | case |
| 36 | spring | spring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 return | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 migrate | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | migrate | present | some animals | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | make | present | animals = animal | a long journey | to a place with more food and better weather | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset journey=Product | |||
| 3 | come back | present | animals = animal not said here | late property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | fly | present | swallows | Africa | Europe | autumn | vn drive-11.5-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent from europe=Initial_Location to africa=Destination | ||
| 5 | return | present | swallows not said here | spring | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:028-migration-and-hibernation.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/28-migration-and-hibernation/1/