Classifying unusual animals, sentence 2

A penguin cannot fly and swims like a fish, but it has feathers and lays eggs with hard shells, so it is a bird.

Who acts: penguin · What happens: not fly, swim, have, lay, be · To what, where: feathers, eggs, bird

This is a sentence of the lesson «Classifying unusual animals» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (penguin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 penguin	det
2	penguin	penguin	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 fly	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 fly	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 fly	advmod
5	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 swims	cc
7	swims	swim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 fly	conj
8	like	like	ADP	_	10 fish	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 fish	det
10	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 swims	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 has	punct
12	but	but	CCONJ	_	14 has	cc
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 has	nsubj
14	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 fly	conj
15	feathers	feather	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 has	obj
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 lays	cc
17	lays	lay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 has	conj
18	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 lays	obj
19	with	with	ADP	_	21 shells	case
20	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 shells	amod
21	shells	shell	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 feathers	nmod
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 bird	punct
23	so	so	ADV	_	27 bird	advmod
24	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 bird	nsubj
25	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 bird	cop
26	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	27 bird	det
27	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 fly	conj
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 fly	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	not fly	can	a penguin			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	swim	present	a penguin not said here		like a fish	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	have	present	penguin	feathers	with hard shells	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feather=Patient
4	lay	present	penguin not said here	eggs		vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result
5	is a	present	penguin	a bird		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:029-classifying-unusual-animals.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/29-classifying-unusual-animals/2/