The Moon and its phases, sentence 4

The phases are not made by the Earth's shadow: hold a ball at arm's length near a lamp, turn slowly around, and you will see all the phases on the ball yourself.

Who acts: shadow, you, Earth · What happens: not make, hold, turn around, see, shadow · To what, where: phases, ball, length

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Moon and its phases» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shadow, you, Earth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 phases	det
2	phases	phase	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 made	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 made	aux:pass
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 made	advmod
5	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	10 shadow	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Earth	det
8	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 shadow	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 Earth	case
10	shadow	shadow	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 made	obl:agent
11	:	:	PUNCT	_	12 hold	punct
12	hold	hold	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	5 made	parataxis
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 ball	det
14	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 hold	obj
15	at	at	ADP	_	18 length	case
16	arm	arm	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 length	nmod:poss
17	's	's	PART	_	16 arm	case
18	length	length	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 hold	obl
19	near	near	ADP	_	21 lamp	case
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 lamp	det
21	lamp	lamp	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 hold	obl
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 turn	punct
23	turn	turn	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	12 hold	conj
24	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	23 turn	advmod
25	around	around	ADV	_	23 turn	advmod
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 see	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 see	cc
28	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	30 see	nsubj
29	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	30 see	aux
30	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 hold	conj
31	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	33 phases	det:predet
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 phases	det
33	phases	phase	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 see	obj
34	on	on	ADP	_	36 ball	case
35	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	36 ball	det
36	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 phases	nmod
37	yourself	yourself	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	30 see	obl:unmarked
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 made	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	not make	present · passive	the Earth's shadow	the phases			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product
2	hold	infinitive		a ball	arm's length	near a lamp	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent ball=Theme at length=Location
3	turn around	infinitive				around, slowly property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
4	see	future	you	all phases	the ball	yourself obl:unmarked	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer phase=Stimulus
5	shadow		the Earth				nom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:003-the-moon-and-its-phases.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/3-the-moon-and-its-phases/4/