Balance in a food web, sentence 7
Because energy is lost at each step, there are always far fewer predators than plant-eaters.
Who acts: fewer predators · What happens: lose, be · To what, where: energy
This is a sentence of the lesson «Balance in a food web» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fewer predators), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Because | because | SCONJ | _ | 4 lost | mark |
| 2 | energy | energy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 lost | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 lost | aux:pass |
| 4 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 are | advcl |
| 5 | at | at | ADP | _ | 7 step | case |
| 6 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 7 step | det |
| 7 | step | step | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 lost | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 lost | punct |
| 9 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 10 are | expl |
| 10 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 10 are | advmod |
| 12 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 13 fewer | advmod |
| 13 | fewer | few | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 14 predators | amod |
| 14 | predators | predator | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 are | nsubj |
| 15 | than | than | ADP | _ | 18 eaters | case |
| 16 | plant | plant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 eaters | compound |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 16 plant | punct |
| 18 | eaters | eater | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 predators | nmod |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 are | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lose | present · passive | energy | at each step | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | does | present | fewer predators than plant eaters | there | always property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:030-balance-in-food-webs.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/30-balance-in-food-webs/7/