The heart, blood and breathing, sentence 1
When you breathe in, air goes down your windpipe into two lungs, which are full of tiny air bags; there oxygen passes into the blood and carbon dioxide, a waste gas, passes out to be breathed away.
Who acts: you, air, two lungs, oxygen · What happens: breathe in, go down, be, pass, pass out, breathe away · To what, where: windpipe, two lungs, blood
This is a sentence of the lesson «The heart, blood and breathing» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, air, two lungs, oxygen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 3 breathe | mark |
| 2 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 3 breathe | nsubj |
| 3 | breathe | breathe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 goes | advcl |
| 4 | in | in | ADV | _ | 3 breathe | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 breathe | punct |
| 6 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 goes | nsubj |
| 7 | goes | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | down | down | ADP | _ | 10 windpipe | case |
| 9 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 windpipe | nmod:poss |
| 10 | windpipe | windpipe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 goes | obl |
| 11 | into | into | ADP | _ | 13 lungs | case |
| 12 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 13 lungs | nummod |
| 13 | lungs | lung | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 goes | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 full | punct |
| 15 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 full | nsubj |
| 16 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 full | cop |
| 17 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 lungs | acl:relcl |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 bags | case |
| 19 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 bags | amod |
| 20 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 bags | compound |
| 21 | bags | bag | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 full | obl |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 passes | punct |
| 23 | there | there | PRON | _ | 25 passes | expl |
| 24 | oxygen | oxygen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 passes | nsubj |
| 25 | passes | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 goes | parataxis |
| 26 | into | into | ADP | _ | 28 blood | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 blood | det |
| 28 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 passes | obl |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 dioxide | cc |
| 30 | carbon | carbon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 dioxide | compound |
| 31 | dioxide | dioxide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 blood | conj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 gas | punct |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 gas | det |
| 34 | waste | waste | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 gas | compound |
| 35 | gas | gas | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 dioxide | appos |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 passes | punct |
| 37 | passes | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 passes | conj |
| 38 | out | out | ADP | _ | 37 passes | compound:prt |
| 39 | to | to | PART | _ | 41 breathed | mark |
| 40 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 41 breathed | aux:pass |
| 41 | breathed | breathe | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 37 passes | advcl |
| 42 | away | away | ADV | _ | 41 breathed | advmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 goes | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | breathe in | present | you | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | go down | present | air | your windpipe | two lungs | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient windpipe=Extent | |||
| 3 | is | present | two lungs | of tiny air bags; full property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | pass | present | oxygen | the blood and carbon dioxide; there | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into blood=Initial_Location | ||||
| 5 | pass out | present | oxygen not said here | vn change_bodily_state-40.8.4 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 6 | breathe away | to-infinitive · passive | oxygen not said here | away property | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:032-heart-blood-breathing.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/32-heart-blood-breathing/1/