Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is shaped, sentence 12

Over thousands of years a river cuts a valley into the land with the sand and stones it carries.

Who acts: river · What happens: cut, carry · To what, where: valley, thousands, sand

This is a sentence of the lesson «Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is shaped» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (river), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Over	over	ADP	_	2 thousands	case
2	thousands	thousand	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 cuts	obl
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 years	case
4	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 thousands	nmod
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 river	det
6	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 cuts	nsubj
7	cuts	cut	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 valley	det
9	valley	valley	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 cuts	obj
10	into	into	ADP	_	12 land	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 land	det
12	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 cuts	obl
13	with	with	ADP	_	15 sand	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 sand	det
15	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 cuts	obl
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 stones	cc
17	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 sand	conj
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 carries	nsubj
19	carries	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 sand	acl:relcl
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 cuts	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cut	present	a river	a valley		thousands of years		into the land result; with the sand and stones	vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP PP.result PP.instrument»: agent=Agent valley=Patient into land=Result with sand=Instrument
2	carry	present	river	the sand and stones not said here					vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sand=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:043-landforms.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/43-landforms/12/