Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains and deserts, sentence 12

Cold sea currents along some coasts cool the air from below and keep it from rising, so little rain falls there.

Who acts: Cold sea currents, little rain · What happens: cool, keep, rise, fall · To what, where: air

This is a sentence of the lesson «Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains and deserts» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cold sea currents, little rain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 currents	amod
2	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 currents	compound
3	currents	current	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 cool	nsubj
4	along	along	ADP	_	6 coasts	case
5	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	6 coasts	det
6	coasts	coast	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 currents	nmod
7	cool	cool	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 air	det
9	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 cool	obj
10	from	from	ADP	_	11 below	case
11	below	below	ADV	_	7 cool	obl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 keep	cc
13	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 cool	conj
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 keep	obj
15	from	from	SCONJ	_	16 rising	mark
16	rising	rise	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	13 keep	advcl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 rain	punct
18	so	so	ADV	_	21 falls	advmod
19	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 rain	amod
20	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 falls	nsubj
21	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 cool	parataxis
22	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	21 falls	advmod
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 cool	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed polarity=none

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	cool	present	Cold sea currents along some coasts	the air		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent air=Patient
2	keep	present	Cold sea currents along some coasts not said here	air		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
3	rise	gerund	Cold sea currents along some coasts not said here			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	fall	present	little rain		there	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:050-why-the-earth-is-so.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/50-why-the-earth-is-so/12/