Electricity — circuits, switches and safety, sentence 2
Electricity only flows around a complete loop called a circuit: from one end of the battery, through the wires and a bulb, and back to the other end.
Who acts: Electricity, complete loop · What happens: flow, call · To what, where: complete loop, circuit · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Electricity — circuits, switches and safety» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Electricity, complete loop), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Electricity | electricity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 flows | nsubj |
| 2 | only | only | ADV | _ | 3 flows | advmod |
| 3 | flows | flow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | around | around | ADP | _ | 7 loop | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 loop | det |
| 6 | complete | complete | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 loop | amod |
| 7 | loop | loop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 flows | obl |
| 8 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 loop | acl |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 circuit | det |
| 10 | circuit | circuit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 called | obj |
| 11 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 14 end | punct |
| 12 | from | from | ADP | _ | 14 end | case |
| 13 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 14 end | nummod |
| 14 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 circuit | appos |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 battery | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 battery | det |
| 17 | battery | battery | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 end | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 wires | punct |
| 19 | through | through | ADP | _ | 21 wires | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 wires | det |
| 21 | wires | wire | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 flows | obl |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 bulb | cc |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 bulb | det |
| 24 | bulb | bulb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 wires | conj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 back | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 back | cc |
| 27 | back | back | ADV | _ | 3 flows | advmod |
| 28 | to | to | ADP | _ | 31 end | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 end | det |
| 30 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 end | amod |
| 31 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 back | obl |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 flows | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | flow | present | Electricity | a complete loop | through the wires and a bulb | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around loop=Location | |||
| 2 | call | participle | a complete loop not said here | a circuit | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent circuit=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:055-electricity.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/55-electricity/2/