Rocks, minerals and fossils, sentence 18
Chalk is made mostly of the tiny shells of sea creatures that lived millions of years ago.
Who acts: sea creatures · What happens: make, live · To what, where: Chalk, millions
This is a sentence of the lesson «Rocks, minerals and fossils» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sea creatures), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chalk | chalk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 made | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 made | aux:pass |
| 3 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | mostly | mostly | ADV | _ | 3 made | advmod |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 shells | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 shells | det |
| 7 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 shells | amod |
| 8 | shells | shell | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 made | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 creatures | case |
| 10 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 creatures | compound |
| 11 | creatures | creature | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 shells | nmod |
| 12 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 lived | nsubj |
| 13 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 creatures | acl:relcl |
| 14 | millions | million | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 lived | obj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 years | case |
| 16 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 millions | nmod |
| 17 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 13 lived | advmod |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 made | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present · passive | Chalk | of the tiny shells of sea creatures; mostly property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 2 | live | past | sea creatures | millions of years | ago property | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme million=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:061-rocks-minerals-fossils.lesson:18.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/61-rocks-minerals-fossils/18/