Deserts, rainforests and grasslands, sentence 8
The hot savanna of Africa, with scattered trees, feeds zebras, wildebeest and lions; the cooler steppes of Ukraine and Asia and the prairies of North America have very rich black soil, built from grass roots over thousands of years, and are now great farmlands for wheat.
Who acts: hot savanna, cooler steppes · What happens: feed, have, build, be · To what, where: zebras, rich black soil, grass roots, great farmlands
This is a sentence of the lesson «Deserts, rainforests and grasslands» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hot savanna, cooler steppes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 savanna | det |
| 2 | hot | hot | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 savanna | amod |
| 3 | savanna | savanna | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 feeds | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 Africa | case |
| 5 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 savanna | nmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 trees | punct |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 trees | case |
| 8 | scattered | scatter | ADJ | _ | 9 trees | amod |
| 9 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 savanna | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 zebras | punct |
| 11 | feeds | feed | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 have | parataxis |
| 12 | zebras | zebra | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 feeds | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 wildebeest | punct |
| 14 | wildebeest | wildebeest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 zebras | conj |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 lions | cc |
| 16 | lions | lion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 wildebeest | conj |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 steppes | punct |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 steppes | det |
| 19 | cooler | cool | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 20 steppes | amod |
| 20 | steppes | steppe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 have | nsubj |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 Ukraine | case |
| 22 | Ukraine | Ukraine | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 steppes | nmod |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 Asia | cc |
| 24 | Asia | Asia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 Ukraine | conj |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 prairies | cc |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 prairies | det |
| 27 | prairies | prairie | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 Ukraine | conj |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 America | case |
| 29 | North | North | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 America | compound |
| 30 | America | America | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 prairies | nmod |
| 31 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 32 | very | very | ADV | _ | 33 rich | advmod |
| 33 | rich | rich | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 soil | amod |
| 34 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 soil | amod |
| 35 | soil | soil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 have | obj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 built | punct |
| 37 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 35 soil | acl |
| 38 | from | from | ADP | _ | 40 roots | case |
| 39 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 roots | compound |
| 40 | roots | root | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 built | obl |
| 41 | over | over | ADP | _ | 42 thousands | case |
| 42 | thousands | thousand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 built | obl |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 years | case |
| 44 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 thousands | nmod |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 farmlands | punct |
| 46 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 50 farmlands | cc |
| 47 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 50 farmlands | cop |
| 48 | now | now | ADV | _ | 50 farmlands | advmod |
| 49 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 50 farmlands | amod |
| 50 | farmlands | farmland | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 have | conj |
| 51 | for | for | ADP | _ | 52 wheat | case |
| 52 | wheat | wheat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 farmlands | nmod |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 31 have | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | feed | present | the hot savanna of Africa with scattered trees | zebras and wildebeest and lions | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent zebra=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | have | present | the cooler steppes of Ukraine and Asia and the prairies of North America | rich black soil | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soil=Patient | ||||
| 3 | build | participle | rich black soil not said here | grass roots | over thousands of years | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from root=Material | |||
| 4 | is a | present | the cooler steppes of Ukraine and Asia and the prairies of North America not said here | great farmlands | now | for wheat | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:066-deserts-rainforests-grasslands.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/66-deserts-rainforests-grasslands/8/