Birds: feathers, nests and flight, sentence 11
The curved shape of a wing gives lift as air flows past it.
Who acts: curved shape, air · What happens: give, flow · To what, where: lift
This is a sentence of the lesson «Birds: feathers, nests and flight» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (curved shape, air), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 shape | det |
| 2 | curved | curve | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 shape | amod |
| 3 | shape | shape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 gives | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 gives | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 wing | det |
| 6 | wing | wing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 shape | nmod |
| 7 | gives | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | lift | lift | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 gives | obj |
| 9 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 11 flows | mark |
| 10 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 flows | nsubj |
| 11 | flows | flow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 gives | advcl |
| 12 | past | past | ADP | _ | 13 it | case |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 flows | obl |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 gives | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present | the curved shape a wing | lift | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lift=Theme | ||||
| 2 | flow | present | air | past shape | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:073-birds-feathers-nests-flight.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/73-birds-feathers-nests-flight/11/