Mammals and how they care for their young, sentence 1

Most mammals grow inside the mother and are born alive; marsupials such as kangaroos are born tiny and keep growing in the mother's pouch; and a few mammals, the platypus and the echidnas, lay eggs but still feed milk.

Who acts: Most mammals, few mammals · What happens: grow, bear, keep, lay, feed · To what, where: marsupials, pouch, eggs, milk

This is a sentence of the lesson «Mammals and how they care for their young» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Most mammals, few mammals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	2 mammals	amod
2	mammals	mammal	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 grow	nsubj
3	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	inside	inside	ADP	_	6 mother	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 mother	det
6	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grow	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 born	cc
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 born	aux:pass
9	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 grow	conj
10	alive	alive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 born	xcomp
11	;	;	PUNCT	_	17 born	punct
12	marsupials	marsupial	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 born	nsubj:pass
13	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	15 kangaroos	case
14	as	as	ADP	_	13 such	fixed
15	kangaroos	kangaroo	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 marsupials	nmod
16	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 born	aux:pass
17	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 grow	parataxis
18	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 born	xcomp
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 keep	cc
20	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 born	conj
21	growing	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	20 keep	xcomp
22	in	in	ADP	_	26 pouch	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 mother	det
24	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 pouch	nmod:poss
25	's	's	PART	_	24 mother	case
26	pouch	pouch	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 growing	obl
27	;	;	PUNCT	_	43 feed	punct
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	43 feed	cc
29	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	31 mammals	det
30	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 mammals	amod
31	mammals	mammal	NOUN	Number=Plur	39 lay	nsubj
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 platypus	punct
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 platypus	det
34	platypus	platypus	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 mammals	conj
35	and	and	CCONJ	_	37 echidnas	cc
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 echidnas	det
37	echidnas	echidna	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 mammals	conj
38	,	,	PUNCT	_	39 lay	punct
39	lay	lay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	43 feed	conj
40	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	39 lay	obj
41	but	but	CCONJ	_	43 feed	cc
42	still	still	ADV	_	43 feed	advmod
43	feed	feed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 grow	conj
44	milk	milk	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 feed	obj
45	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 grow	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	Most mammals				inside the mother	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme inside mother=Location
2	bear	present · passive	Most mammals not said here				alive property	vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»
3	bear	present · passive		marsupials such kangaroos			tiny property	vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
4	keep	present						tree rules
5	grow	gerund			the mother's pouch			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pouch=Location
6	lay	present	a few mammals and the platypus and the echidnas	eggs				vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result
7	feed	present	Most mammals not said here	milk		still		vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent milk=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:075-mammals-and-their-young.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/75-mammals-and-their-young/1/