Trees and forests through the year, sentence 4

A wide ring in a cut trunk means a good year with plenty of rain and warmth; a thin ring means a dry or cold year — so a stump is like a diary of the tree's life.

Who acts: wide ring, thin ring, stump · What happens: mean, be · To what, where: dry

This is a sentence of the lesson «Trees and forests through the year» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wide ring, thin ring, stump), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 ring	det
2	wide	wide	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 ring	amod
3	ring	ring	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 means	nsubj
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 trunk	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 trunk	det
6	cut	cut	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 trunk	amod
7	trunk	trunk	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ring	nmod
8	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 year	det
10	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 year	amod
11	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 means	obj
12	with	with	ADP	_	13 plenty	case
13	plenty	plenty	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 year	nmod
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 rain	case
15	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 plenty	nmod
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 warmth	cc
17	warmth	warmth	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 rain	conj
18	;	;	PUNCT	_	22 means	punct
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 ring	det
20	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 ring	amod
21	ring	ring	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 means	nsubj
22	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 means	parataxis
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	27 year	det
24	dry	dry	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 means	obj
25	or	or	CCONJ	_	27 year	cc
26	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 dry	conj
27	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 dry	conj
28	—	-	PUNCT	_	35 diary	punct
29	so	so	ADV	_	35 diary	advmod
30	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	31 stump	det
31	stump	stump	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 diary	nsubj
32	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	35 diary	cop
33	like	like	ADP	_	35 diary	case
34	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	35 diary	det
35	diary	diary	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 means	obl
36	of	of	ADP	_	40 life	case
37	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	38 tree	det
38	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 life	nmod:poss
39	's	's	PART	_	38 tree	case
40	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 diary	nmod
41	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 means	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	a wide ring in a cut trunk		year		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
2	mean	present	a thin ring	dry or a year			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dry=Topic
3	is	present	a stump			like a diary; of the tree's life	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:076-trees-and-forests-through-the-year.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/4/