Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things, sentence 2
Bacteria are living things made of just one tiny cell, far too small to see without a microscope; they live everywhere — in soil, water, air and inside our bodies.
Who acts: Bacteria · What happens: live, be, make, see · To what, where: living things, soil
This is a sentence of the lesson «Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bacteria), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bacteria | bacterium | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 things | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 things | cop |
| 3 | living | live | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 things | amod |
| 4 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 5 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 things | acl |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 cell | case |
| 7 | just | just | ADV | _ | 8 one | advmod |
| 8 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 cell | nummod |
| 9 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 cell | amod |
| 10 | cell | cell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 made | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 small | punct |
| 12 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 14 small | advmod |
| 13 | too | too | ADV | _ | 14 small | advmod |
| 14 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 cell | amod |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 see | mark |
| 16 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 small | advcl |
| 17 | without | without | ADP | _ | 19 microscope | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 microscope | det |
| 19 | microscope | microscope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 see | obl |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 live | punct |
| 21 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 live | nsubj |
| 22 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 things | conj |
| 23 | everywhere | everywhere | ADV | PronType=Tot | 22 live | advmod |
| 24 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 26 soil | punct |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 soil | case |
| 26 | soil | soil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 live | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 water | punct |
| 28 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 soil | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 air | punct |
| 30 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 soil | conj |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 bodies | cc |
| 32 | inside | inside | ADP | _ | 34 bodies | case |
| 33 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 bodies | nmod:poss |
| 34 | bodies | body | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 soil | conj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 things | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | gerund | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | is a | present | Bacteria | living things | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | make | participle | living things not said here | of one tiny cell | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||
| 4 | see | to-infinitive | without a microscope | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | live | present | Bacteria = bacterium | soil and water and air and our bodies | everywhere property | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in soil=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:077-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/77-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things/2/