Eclipses, sentence 3
The Moon is about 400 times smaller across than the Sun but also about 400 times closer, so in our sky they look almost the same size, which is why the Moon can just cover the Sun, like a coin held near your eye covering a far-away house.
Who acts: Moon, Sun, same size · What happens: be, look, cover, hold · To what, where: Sun, same size, sky, coin, eye, house
This is a sentence of the lesson «Eclipses» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Moon, Sun, same size), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Moon | det |
| 2 | Moon | Moon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 smaller | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 smaller | cop |
| 4 | about | about | ADV | _ | 5 400 | advmod |
| 5 | 400 | 400 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 6 times | nummod |
| 6 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 smaller | obl:unmarked |
| 7 | smaller | small | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 8 | across | across | ADP | _ | 11 Sun | case |
| 9 | than | than | ADP | _ | 11 Sun | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Sun | det |
| 11 | Sun | Sun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 smaller | obl |
| 12 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 17 closer | cc |
| 13 | also | also | ADV | _ | 14 about | advmod |
| 14 | about | about | ADV | _ | 15 400 | advmod |
| 15 | 400 | 400 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 16 times | nummod |
| 16 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 closer | obl:unmarked |
| 17 | closer | close | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 7 smaller | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 look | punct |
| 19 | so | so | ADV | _ | 24 look | advmod |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 sky | case |
| 21 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 sky | nmod:poss |
| 22 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 look | obl |
| 23 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 look | nsubj |
| 24 | look | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 smaller | conj |
| 25 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 28 size | advmod |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 size | det |
| 27 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 size | amod |
| 28 | size | size | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 look | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 why | punct |
| 30 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 32 why | nsubj |
| 31 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 why | cop |
| 32 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 28 size | conj |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 Moon | det |
| 34 | Moon | Moon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 cover | nsubj |
| 35 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 37 cover | aux |
| 36 | just | just | ADV | _ | 37 cover | advmod |
| 37 | cover | cover | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 why | advcl |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 Sun | det |
| 39 | Sun | Sun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 cover | obj |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 coin | punct |
| 41 | like | like | ADP | _ | 43 coin | case |
| 42 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 43 coin | det |
| 43 | coin | coin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 cover | obl |
| 44 | held | hold | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 43 coin | acl |
| 45 | near | near | ADP | _ | 47 eye | case |
| 46 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 47 eye | nmod:poss |
| 47 | eye | eye | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 held | obl |
| 48 | covering | cover | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 44 held | advcl |
| 49 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 53 house | det |
| 50 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 52 away | advmod |
| 51 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 50 far | punct |
| 52 | away | away | ADV | _ | 53 house | advmod |
| 53 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 covering | obj |
| 54 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 smaller | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the Moon | the Sun | time | small property | tree rules | ||
| 2 | be | the Moon not said here | time | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | look | present | Sun | the same size | our sky | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme size=Attribute | |||
| 4 | is | present | the same size | why property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | cover | can | the Moon | the Sun | like a coin | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent sun=Destination | |||
| 6 | hold | participle | a coin not said here | your eye | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near eye=Location | ||||
| 7 | cover | gerund | a house | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme house=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:008-eclipses.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/8-eclipses/3/