Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool, sentence 18

Most materials expand when they are heated and contract when they are cooled; metal expands more than glass.

Who acts: Most materials, metal · What happens: expand, heat, contract, cool · To what, where: materials

This is a sentence of the lesson «Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Most materials, metal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	2 materials	amod
2	materials	material	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 expand	nsubj
3	expand	expand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	7 heated	advmod
5	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 heated	nsubj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 heated	aux:pass
7	heated	heat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 expand	advcl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 contract	cc
9	contract	contract	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 expand	conj
10	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	13 cooled	advmod
11	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 cooled	nsubj
12	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 cooled	aux:pass
13	cooled	cool	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 contract	advcl
14	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 expands	punct
15	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 expands	nsubj
16	expands	expand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 expand	parataxis
17	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	16 expands	advmod
18	than	than	ADP	_	19 glass	case
19	glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 more	obl
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 expand	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	expand	present	Most materials		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	heat	present · passive		materials = material	vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
3	contract	present	Most materials not said here		vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
4	cool	present · passive		materials = material	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
5	expand	present	metal		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:082-heat-and-temperature.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/82-heat-and-temperature/18/