Transport: from horses to planes, sentence 19
Wheels on smooth iron rails have much less friction than wheels on a rough road.
Who acts: Wheels · What happens: have · To what, where: less friction
This is a sentence of the lesson «Transport: from horses to planes» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wheels), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wheels | wheel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 have | nsubj |
| 2 | on | on | ADP | _ | 5 rails | case |
| 3 | smooth | smooth | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 rails | amod |
| 4 | iron | iron | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 rails | compound |
| 5 | rails | rail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Wheels | nmod |
| 6 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | much | much | ADV | _ | 8 less | advmod |
| 8 | less | less | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 9 friction | amod |
| 9 | friction | friction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 have | obj |
| 10 | than | than | ADP | _ | 11 wheels | case |
| 11 | wheels | wheel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 friction | nmod |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 15 road | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 road | det |
| 14 | rough | rough | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 road | amod |
| 15 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 wheels | nmod |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 have | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | Wheels on smooth iron rails | less friction | than wheels on a rough road | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friction=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:099-transport-horses-to-planes.lesson:19.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/99-transport-horses-to-planes/19/