Transport: from horses to planes, sentence 4
Sailing ships used the free power of the wind but stopped when the wind dropped.
Who acts: Sailing ships, wind · What happens: sail, use, stop, drop · To what, where: free power
This is a sentence of the lesson «Transport: from horses to planes» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sailing ships, wind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sailing | sail | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 ships | amod |
| 2 | ships | ship | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 used | nsubj |
| 3 | used | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 power | det |
| 5 | free | free | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 power | amod |
| 6 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 used | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 wind | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 wind | det |
| 9 | wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 power | nmod |
| 10 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 11 stopped | cc |
| 11 | stopped | stop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 used | conj |
| 12 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 15 dropped | advmod |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 wind | det |
| 14 | wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 dropped | nsubj |
| 15 | dropped | drop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 stopped | advcl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 used | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=narrate
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sail | gerund | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | use | past | Sailing ships | the free power of the wind | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Patient | ||||
| 3 | stop | past | Sailing ships not said here | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | drop | past | the wind | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:world:099-transport-horses-to-planes.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/99-transport-horses-to-planes/4/