Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Chapter VIII. The Queen’s Croquet-Ground, sentence 32
“How should _I_ know?” said Alice, surprised at her own courage.
Who acts: Alice · What happens: know, say · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Chapter VIII. The Queen’s Croquet-Ground. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Alice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 know | punct |
| 2 | How | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 7 know | advmod |
| 3 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 7 know | aux |
| 4 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 3 should | punct |
| 5 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 know | nsubj |
| 6 | _ | _ | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 7 know | aux |
| 7 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 said | ccomp |
| 8 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 7 know | punct |
| 9 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 know | punct |
| 10 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | Alice | Alice | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 said | nsubj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 surprised | punct |
| 13 | surprised | surprised | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 said | parataxis |
| 14 | at | at | ADP | _ | 17 courage | case |
| 15 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 courage | nmod:poss |
| 16 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 courage | amod |
| 17 | courage | courage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 surprised | obl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know in a quote | should | Alice | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | say speech: ask | past | Alice | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Project Gutenberg book 11 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11/9/32/