Grimm's Fairy Stories, Dummling and the Three Feathers, sentence 15
The toad who had just spoken, called to a young toad, saying--
What happens: speak, call, say · To what, where: toad, young toad · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Dummling and the Three Feathers. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 toad | det |
| 2 | toad | toad | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 spoken | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 spoken | aux |
| 5 | just | just | ADV | _ | 6 spoken | advmod |
| 6 | spoken | speak | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 toad | acl:relcl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 called | punct |
| 8 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 spoken | conj |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 toad | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 toad | det |
| 11 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 toad | amod |
| 12 | toad | toad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 called | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 saying | punct |
| 14 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 spoken | advcl |
| 15 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 2 toad | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | past · perfect · passive | the toad | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | call | participle | a young toad | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to toad=Recipient | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | gerund | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 11027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11027/10/15/