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The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 1, sentence 45

In the chronicles of the ancient dynasty of the Sassanidae, who reigned for about four hundred years, from Persia to the borders of China, beyond the great river Ganges itself, we read the praises of one of the kings of this race, who was said to be the best monarch of his time.

Who acts: Sassanidae, we · What happens: reign, read, say, be, chronicle · To what, where: Persia, praises, chronicles, race, best monarch, ancient dynasty · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sassanidae, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

casedetoblcasedetamodnmodcasedetnmodpunctnsubjacl:relclcaseadvmodcompoundnummodoblpunctcaseoblcasedetoblcasenmodpunctcasedetamodcompoundoblnmod:unmarkedpunctnsubjdetobjcasenmodcasedetnmodcasedetnmodpunctnsubjaux:passacl:relclmarkcopdetamodccompcasenmod:possnmodpunctrootInADPtheDETchroniclesNOUNofADPtheDETancientADJdynastyNOUNofADPtheDETSassanidaePROPN,PUNCTwhoPRONreignedVERBforADPaboutADVfourNUMhundredNUMyearsNOUN,PUNCTfromADPPersiaPROPNtoADPtheDETbordersNOUNofADPChinaPROPN,PUNCTbeyondADPtheDETgreatADJriverNOUNGangesPROPNitselfPRON,PUNCTwePRONreadVERBtheDETpraisesNOUNofADPoneNUMofADPtheDETkingsNOUNofADPthisDETraceNOUN,PUNCTwhoPRONwasAUXsaidVERBtoPARTbeAUXtheDETbestADJmonarchNOUNofADPhisPRONtimeNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1IninADP_3 chroniclescase
2thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art3 chroniclesdet
3chronicleschronicleNOUNNumber=Plur36 readobl
4ofofADP_7 dynastycase
5thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art7 dynastydet
6ancientancientADJDegree=Pos7 dynastyamod
7dynastydynastyNOUNNumber=Sing3 chroniclesnmod
8ofofADP_10 Sassanidaecase
9thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art10 Sassanidaedet
10SassanidaeSassanidaePROPNNumber=Sing7 dynastynmod
11,,PUNCT_13 reignedpunct
12whowhoPRONPronType=Rel13 reignednsubj
13reignedreignVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin10 Sassanidaeacl:relcl
14forforADP_18 yearscase
15aboutaboutADV_17 hundredadvmod
16fourfourNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card17 hundredcompound
17hundredhundredNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card18 yearsnummod
18yearsyearNOUNNumber=Plur13 reignedobl
19,,PUNCT_21 Persiapunct
20fromfromADP_21 Persiacase
21PersiaPersiaPROPNNumber=Sing13 reignedobl
22totoADP_24 borderscase
23thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art24 bordersdet
24bordersborderNOUNNumber=Plur13 reignedobl
25ofofADP_26 Chinacase
26ChinaChinaPROPNNumber=Sing24 bordersnmod
27,,PUNCT_32 Gangespunct
28beyondbeyondADP_32 Gangescase
29thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art31 riverdet
30greatgreatADJDegree=Pos31 riveramod
31riverriverNOUNNumber=Sing32 Gangescompound
32GangesGangesPROPNNumber=Sing13 reignedobl
33itselfitselfPRONCase=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes32 Gangesnmod:unmarked
34,,PUNCT_3 chroniclespunct
35wewePRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs36 readnsubj
36readreadVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
37thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art38 praisesdet
38praisespraiseNOUNNumber=Plur36 readobj
39ofofADP_40 onecase
40oneoneNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card38 praisesnmod
41ofofADP_43 kingscase
42thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art43 kingsdet
43kingskingNOUNNumber=Plur40 onenmod
44ofofADP_46 racecase
45thisthisDETNumber=Sing PronType=Dem46 racedet
46raceraceNOUNNumber=Sing43 kingsnmod
47,,PUNCT_50 saidpunct
48whowhoPRONPronType=Rel50 saidnsubj
49wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin50 saidaux:pass
50saidsayVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass46 raceacl:relcl
51totoPART_55 monarchmark
52bebeAUXVerbForm=Inf55 monarchcop
53thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art55 monarchdet
54bestgoodADJDegree=Sup55 monarchamod
55monarchmonarchNOUNNumber=Sing50 saidccomp
56ofofADP_58 timecase
57hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs58 timenmod:poss
58timetimeNOUNNumber=Sing55 monarchnmod
59..PUNCT_36 readpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1reignpastthe SassanidaePersiayearto the borders of China; beyond river Ganges Sassanidaetree rules
2readpastwethe praises of one of the kings of this racethe chronicles of the ancient dynasty of the Sassanidaevn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent praise=Topic
3say speech: assertpast · passivethis racevn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic
4is ato-infinitivethe best monarchtimetree rules
5chroniclethe ancient dynasty of the Sassanidaenom chronicle «communication transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/1/45/