The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 1, sentence 46
His subjects loved him, and his neighbors feared him, and when he died he left his kingdom in a more prosperous and powerful condition than any king had done before him.
Who acts: subjects, neighbors, race, king · What happens: love, fear, die, leave, do · To what, where: race, kingdom, prosperous condition
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (subjects, neighbors, race, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 subjects | nmod:poss |
| 2 | subjects | subject | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 loved | nsubj |
| 3 | loved | love | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 loved | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 feared | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 feared | cc |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 neighbors | nmod:poss |
| 8 | neighbors | neighbor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 feared | nsubj |
| 9 | feared | fear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 loved | conj |
| 10 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 feared | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 left | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 left | cc |
| 13 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 15 died | advmod |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 died | nsubj |
| 15 | died | die | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 left | advcl |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 left | nsubj |
| 17 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 loved | conj |
| 18 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 kingdom | nmod:poss |
| 19 | kingdom | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 left | obj |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 condition | case |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 condition | det |
| 22 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 23 prosperous | advmod |
| 23 | prosperous | prosperous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 condition | amod |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 powerful | cc |
| 25 | powerful | powerful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 prosperous | conj |
| 26 | condition | condition | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 left | obl |
| 27 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 31 done | mark |
| 28 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 29 king | det |
| 29 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 done | nsubj |
| 30 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 done | aux |
| 31 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 17 left | advcl |
| 32 | before | before | ADP | _ | 33 him | case |
| 33 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 done | obl |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 loved | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | love | past | race's subjects | race | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | fear | past | race's neighbors | race | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | die | past | race | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | |||||
| 4 | leave | past | race | race's kingdom | a prosperous condition | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent kingdom=Theme in condition=Location | |||
| 5 | do | past · perfect | any king | before race | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/1/46/