The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 11, sentence 49
Before, however, I had time to feel cast down, I saw a ship making directly for the island, and not knowing whether it would contain friends or foes, I hid myself in the thick branches of a tree.
Who acts: I, ship, distance · What happens: have, feel, cast down, see, make, not know · To what, where: ship, friends, myself, thick branches · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, ship, distance), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Before | before | SCONJ | _ | 3 however | mark |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 however | punct |
| 3 | however | however | ADV | _ | 14 saw | advcl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 however | punct |
| 5 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 had | nsubj |
| 6 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 however | ccomp |
| 7 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 had | obj |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 feel | mark |
| 9 | feel | feel | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 time | acl |
| 10 | cast | cast | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 feel | xcomp |
| 11 | down | down | ADP | _ | 10 cast | compound:prt |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 however | punct |
| 13 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 saw | nsubj |
| 14 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 ship | det |
| 16 | ship | ship | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 saw | obj |
| 17 | making | make | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 16 ship | acl |
| 18 | directly | directly | ADV | _ | 17 making | advmod |
| 19 | for | for | ADP | _ | 21 island | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 island | det |
| 21 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 making | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 knowing | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 knowing | cc |
| 24 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 25 knowing | advmod |
| 25 | knowing | know | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 saw | advcl |
| 26 | whether | whether | SCONJ | _ | 29 contain | mark |
| 27 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 contain | nsubj |
| 28 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 contain | aux |
| 29 | contain | contain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 knowing | advcl |
| 30 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 contain | obj |
| 31 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 32 foes | cc |
| 32 | foes | foe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 friends | conj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 hid | punct |
| 34 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 35 hid | nsubj |
| 35 | hid | hide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 saw | conj |
| 36 | myself | myself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 35 hid | obj |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 branches | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 branches | det |
| 39 | thick | thick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 branches | amod |
| 40 | branches | branch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 hid | obl |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 tree | case |
| 42 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 43 tree | det |
| 43 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 branches | nmod |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | I | time | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | feel | to-infinitive | I not said here | vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | cast down | participle | I not said here | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | see | past | I | a ship | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ship=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | make | gerund | a ship not said here | for the island; directly property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent for island=Asset | ||||
| 6 | not know | gerund | I not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 7 | contain | would | distance | friends or foes | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot friend=Theme | ||||
| 8 | hide | past | I | myself | the thick branches of a tree | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent myself=Patient in branch=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/11/49/