The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 15, sentence 27
Uttering a terrible cry, he sprang to his feet clutching in all directions to try to seize one of us, but we had all fled different ways as soon as the deed was done, and thrown ourselves flat upon the ground in corners where he was not likely to touch us with his feet.
Who acts: number, we, deed · What happens: utter, spring, clutch, try, seize, flee · To what, where: terrible cry, feet, directions, one, different ways, ourselves
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (number, we, deed), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Uttering | utter | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 sprang | advcl |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 cry | det |
| 3 | terrible | terrible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 cry | amod |
| 4 | cry | cry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Uttering | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Uttering | punct |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 sprang | nsubj |
| 7 | sprang | spring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 feet | case |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 feet | nmod:poss |
| 10 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 sprang | obl |
| 11 | clutching | clutch | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 sprang | advcl |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 directions | case |
| 13 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 14 directions | det |
| 14 | directions | direction | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 clutching | obl |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 try | mark |
| 16 | try | try | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 clutching | advcl |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 seize | mark |
| 18 | seize | seize | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 try | xcomp |
| 19 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 18 seize | obj |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 us | case |
| 21 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 one | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 fled | punct |
| 23 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 27 fled | cc |
| 24 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 27 fled | nsubj |
| 25 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 fled | aux |
| 26 | all | all | ADV | _ | 27 fled | advmod |
| 27 | fled | flee | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 sprang | parataxis |
| 28 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 ways | amod |
| 29 | ways | way | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 fled | obj |
| 30 | as | as | ADV | _ | 31 soon | advmod |
| 31 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 27 fled | advmod |
| 32 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 36 done | mark |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 deed | det |
| 34 | deed | deed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 done | nsubj |
| 35 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 done | cop |
| 36 | done | done | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 soon | advcl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 thrown | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 thrown | cc |
| 39 | thrown | throw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 fled | conj |
| 40 | ourselves | ourselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 39 thrown | obj |
| 41 | flat | flat | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 thrown | xcomp |
| 42 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 44 ground | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 ground | det |
| 44 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 thrown | obl |
| 45 | in | in | ADP | _ | 46 corners | case |
| 46 | corners | corner | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 thrown | obl |
| 47 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 51 likely | advmod |
| 48 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 51 likely | nsubj |
| 49 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 51 likely | cop |
| 50 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 51 likely | advmod |
| 51 | likely | likely | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 corners | acl |
| 52 | to | to | PART | _ | 53 touch | mark |
| 53 | touch | touch | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 51 likely | xcomp |
| 54 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 53 touch | obj |
| 55 | with | with | ADP | _ | 57 feet | case |
| 56 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 57 feet | nmod:poss |
| 57 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 53 touch | obl |
| 58 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 sprang | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | utter speech: other | gerund | number not said here | a terrible cry | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent cry=Topic | ||||
| 2 | spring | past | number | number's feet | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to foot=Destination | ||||
| 3 | clutch | gerund | number not said here | all directions | vn hold-15.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | try | to-infinitive | number not said here | vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 5 | seize not said to happen | to-infinitive | number not said here | one of us | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme | ||||
| 6 | flee | past · perfect | we | different ways | all, soon property | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme way=Initial_Location | |||
| 7 | is | past | the deed | done property | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | throw | participle | we not said here | ourselves | corners | upon the ground; flat property | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent ourselves=Theme upon ground=Destination | ||
| 9 | not is | past | number | likely property | tree rules | ||||
| 10 | touch | to-infinitive | number not said here | us | with number's feet | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent we=Experiencer with foot=Instrument |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/15/27/