The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 15, sentence 31

But alas! morning light showed us our enemy approaching us, supported on either hand by two giants nearly as large and fearful as himself, while a crowd of others followed close upon their heels.

Who acts: alas, enemy · What happens: show, approach, support, follow · To what, where: us, hand, crowd, heels · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (alas, enemy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	But	but	CCONJ	_	6 showed	cc
2	alas	ala	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 showed	nsubj
3	!	!	PUNCT	_	5 light	punct
4	morning	morning	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 light	compound
5	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 alas	conj
6	showed	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 showed	iobj
8	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 enemy	nmod:poss
9	enemy	enemy	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 approaching	nsubj
10	approaching	approach	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 showed	ccomp
11	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 approaching	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 supported	punct
13	supported	support	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 approaching	advcl
14	on	on	ADP	_	16 hand	case
15	either	either	DET	PronType=Ind	16 hand	det
16	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 supported	obl
17	by	by	ADP	_	19 giants	case
18	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	19 giants	nummod
19	giants	giant	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 supported	obl:agent
20	nearly	nearly	ADV	_	22 large	advmod
21	as	as	ADV	_	22 large	advmod
22	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 giants	amod
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 fearful	cc
24	fearful	fearful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 large	conj
25	as	as	ADP	_	26 himself	case
26	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	22 large	obl
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 followed	punct
28	while	while	SCONJ	_	33 followed	mark
29	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	30 crowd	det
30	crowd	crowd	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 followed	nsubj:pass
31	of	of	ADP	_	32 others	case
32	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 crowd	nmod
33	followed	follow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 approaching	advcl
34	close	close	ADV	Degree=Pos	33 followed	advmod
35	upon	upon	ADP	_	37 heels	case
36	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	37 heels	nmod:poss
37	heels	heel	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 followed	obl
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 showed	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	show	past	alas and morning light		us			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent we=Recipient clause=Topic
2	approach	gerund	our enemy	us				vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Theme
3	support	participle	our enemy not said here			either hand		vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
4	follow	participle · passive		a crowd of others		alas's heels	close property	vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme upon heel=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/15/31/