The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 15, sentence 33

The giants, seeing their prey escaping them, seized up huge pieces of rock, and wading into the water hurled them after us with such good aim that all the rafts except the one I was upon were swamped, and their luckless crews drowned, without our being able to do anything to help them.

Who acts: giants, prey, wading, luckless crews · What happens: see, escape, seize up, wade, hurl, swamp · To what, where: prey, rafts, huge pieces, water, anything

This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (giants, prey, wading, luckless crews), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 giants	det
2	giants	giant	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 seized	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 seeing	punct
4	seeing	see	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 giants	acl
5	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 prey	nmod:poss
6	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 seeing	obj
7	escaping	escape	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 prey	acl
8	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 escaping	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 giants	punct
10	seized	seize	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	up	up	ADP	_	10 seized	compound:prt
12	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 pieces	amod
13	pieces	piece	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 seized	obj
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 rock	case
15	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 pieces	nmod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 hurled	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 hurled	cc
18	wading	wade	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	22 hurled	csubj
19	into	into	ADP	_	21 water	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 water	det
21	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 wading	obl
22	hurled	hurl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 seized	conj
23	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 hurled	obj
24	after	after	ADP	_	25 us	case
25	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	22 hurled	obl
26	with	with	ADP	_	29 aim	case
27	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 aim	amod
28	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 aim	amod
29	aim	aim	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 hurled	obl
30	that	that	SCONJ	_	41 swamped	mark
31	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	33 rafts	det:predet
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 rafts	det
33	rafts	raft	NOUN	Number=Plur	41 swamped	nsubj:pass
34	except	except	ADP	_	36 one	case
35	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	36 one	det
36	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 rafts	nmod
37	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	39 upon	nsubj
38	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	39 upon	cop
39	upon	upon	ADP	_	36 one	acl:relcl
40	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	41 swamped	aux:pass
41	swamped	swamp	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	29 aim	advcl
42	,	,	PUNCT	_	47 drowned	punct
43	and	and	CCONJ	_	47 drowned	cc
44	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	46 crews	nmod:poss
45	luckless	luckless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	46 crews	amod
46	crews	crew	NOUN	Number=Plur	47 drowned	nsubj
47	drowned	drown	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 seized	conj
48	,	,	PUNCT	_	52 able	punct
49	without	without	SCONJ	_	52 able	mark
50	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	52 able	nmod:poss
51	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	52 able	cop
52	able	able	ADJ	Degree=Pos	47 drowned	advcl
53	to	to	PART	_	54 do	mark
54	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	52 able	xcomp
55	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	54 do	obj
56	to	to	PART	_	57 help	mark
57	help	help	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	54 do	advcl
58	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	57 help	obj
59	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 seized	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	gerund	the giants not said here	rafts's prey				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer prey=Stimulus
2	escape	gerund	rafts's prey not said here	rafts = raft				vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Initial_Location
3	seize up	past	the giants	huge pieces of rock				vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent piece=Theme
4	wade	gerund			the water			vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into water=Destination
5	hurl	past	wading	rafts = raft		after us	with such good aim	vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme
6	swamp	past · passive		all rafts except the one				tree rules
7	drown	past	rafts's luckless crews					vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
8	is	gerund	rafts's luckless crews not said here				able property	tree rules
9	do	to-infinitive	rafts's luckless crews not said here	anything				vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Eventuality
10	help	to-infinitive	rafts's luckless crews not said here	rafts = raft				vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/15/33/