The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 15, sentence 34

Indeed I and my two companions had all we could do to keep our own raft beyond the reach of the giants, but by dint of hard rowing we at last gained the open sea.

Who acts: I, all, we · What happens: have, do, keep, gain · To what, where: own raft, reach, open sea

This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, all, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Indeed	indeed	ADV	_	7 had	advmod
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 had	nsubj
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 companions	cc
4	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 companions	nmod:poss
5	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 companions	nummod
6	companions	companion	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 I	conj
7	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	11 do	nsubj
9	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	11 do	nsubj
10	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 do	aux
11	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 had	ccomp
12	to	to	PART	_	13 keep	mark
13	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 do	advcl
14	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 raft	nmod:poss
15	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 raft	amod
16	raft	raft	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 keep	obj
17	beyond	beyond	ADP	_	19 reach	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 reach	det
19	reach	reach	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 keep	obl
20	of	of	ADP	_	22 giants	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 giants	det
22	giants	giant	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 reach	nmod
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 gained	punct
24	but	but	CCONJ	_	33 gained	cc
25	by	by	ADP	_	26 dint	case
26	dint	dint	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 gained	obl
27	of	of	ADP	_	29 rowing	case
28	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 rowing	amod
29	rowing	rowing	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 dint	nmod
30	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	33 gained	nsubj
31	at	at	SCONJ	_	33 gained	mark
32	last	last	ADV	_	33 gained	advmod
33	gained	gain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 had	conj
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	36 sea	det
35	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	36 sea	amod
36	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 gained	obj
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 had	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	past	I			indeed property	tree rules
2	do	could	all				vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	keep	to-infinitive	all not said here	our own raft	the reach of the giants		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent raft=Theme beyond reach=Location
4	gain	past	we	the open sea		by dint of hard rowing; last property	vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sea=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/15/34/